Preoperative Anxiety before Spinal Anesthesia: Does Internet-based Visual Information/Multimedia Research Decrease Anxiety and Information Desire? A Prospective Multicentered Study

BACKGROUND Preoperative anxiety may lead to peroperative or postoperative problems when not overcome. AIMS The aim of this study was to examine the effect of seeking information and other factors on the anxiety of patients preoperatively. SETTINGS AND DESIGN This study was a prospective, multicentered survey. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients scheduled to undergo surgical procedures under spinal anesthesia, preoperatively evaluated as the American Society of Anesthesia 1-3 and where spinal anesthesia was agreed on beforehand, were included. Patients completed State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Scale-State (STAI-S) survey preoperatively. Patients who sought information were also asked to complete the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale survey. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Quantitative data were compared with one-way ANOVA with post hoc analysis or Kruskal-Wallis test. Comparison of two groups of parameters showing normal distribution was compared using Student's t-test. Comparison of groups versus anxiety was performed using Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. RESULTS A total of 330 patients were included. Average STAI-S scores were similar when evaluated for patients' demographic data, gender, marital status, place of residence, type of operation, preoperative fasting time, and comorbidities. University graduates were found to have lower anxiety when compared to other educational statuses. Seeking information from the internet caused a significant decrease in surgical anxiety (P < 0.05) although it had no effect on anesthesia-related anxiety. Interestingly, those seeking information had higher information desire levels compared to patients who had not sought other sources of information (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION While patients seeking information regarding surgical procedure and/or spinal anesthesia have lower preoperative anxiety levels, their information desire remains high. Apart from detailed information given by the anesthesiologist or surgeon, having access to correct and validated information in multimedia form may decrease anxiety and information desire.